作者：David Tran 4 年以前
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Common ancestor of Stramenopila and Alveolata - Secondary plastids
Dinoflagelletes Alveolata - Membranous vesicles on cell membrane - Tertiary plastids
Diatoms Stramenopila - Tripartite flagellar hair
Foraminiferas Rhizaria - Filose pseudopodia
Amoeba Amoebozoa - Pseudopodia (tubular or flat lobes)
Fly Agaric (Amanita muscaria) Opisthokonta - Single posterior flagellum - Multicellular - Absorptive heterotroph
Black Bread Mold (Rhizopus stolonifer) Fungi - Cell Wall - Zygotic life cycle
Common Ancestor of Choanoflagelletes and Animals
American Black Bear Animals - Mobility - Complex organ system - Gametic life cycle
Eumetazoa
Monarch Butterfly Bilateria - Bilateral body symmetry
Giant Sea Star Deuterostoma - Triploblasty - Radial and indeterminate embryonic cleavage - Fate of blastopore: anus
Echinoderms - Water vascular system
Common Ancestor - Notochord - Hollow, dorsal nerve cord - Post, anal tail - Pharyngeal slits
Common Ancestor - Cranium - Vertebral column
Common Ancestor - Jaws
Common Ancestor - Bony skeleton - Lungs/ lung derivatives
Common Ancestor -Lobe fins
Common Ancestor - Limbs with digits - Amniotic eggs
American Black Bear Mammalia - Endotherm - Hair - Milk
Green Sea Turtle Reptilia - Ectotherm - Birds : Endotherms
Red Eyed Tree Frog Amphibia - Ectotherm
Coelacanth Lobe-finned fishes
Blue Tang Ray-finned fishes
Great White Shark Chondrichthyes - Cartilaginous skeleton
Pacific Hagfish Agnathans
Urochordata - Sea Peaches
Cephalochordata - Branchiostoma lanceolatum
Holothuroidea - California Sea Cucumber - Lack spines - Reduced endoskeleton
Echinoidea - Purple Sea Urchin - No arms and spikes
Ophiuroidea - Serpent Star - No adhesive chemicals
Asteroidea - Giant Sea Star - Adhesive chemicals for gripping
Humboldt Squid Protostomia - Spiral and determinate embryonic cleavage - Fate of blastopore: mouth - Cephalization
Chesapeake Blue Crab Ecdysozoa - Diploblasty - Ecdysis
Arthropoda
Hexapoda (Insects) - Monarch Butterfly - Several complex organ systems - Metamorphosis
Crustacea - Chesapeake Blue Crab - Specialized appendages (claws/pinchers)
Subtopic
Chelicerata - Southern Black Widow - Claw-like feeding appendages
Nematoads - Roundworm
Golden Apple Snail Lophotrochozoa - Triploblasty - Presence of trochophore larvae or lophophore
Platyhelminthes - Pork Tapeworm
Rhabditophorans - Macrostomum lignano - Parasitic
Trematoda - Sheep Liver Fluke - Require intermediate host
Cestoda - Pork Tapeworm - Lacks mouth and gastrovascular cavity
Annelida - Common Earthworm
Mullusca - Humboldt Squid - Golden Apple Snail
Cephalopoda - Humboldt Squid - Tentacles
Bivalvia - Soft Shell Clam - Shells divided in two (two halves, all marine)
Gastropoda - Golden Apple Snail - Shell (Marine and Terrestrial)
Moon Jelly Cnidaria - Radial body symmetry - Diploplasty
Anthozoans - Elkhorn Coral - Polyp form
Medusozoans
Scyphozoa - Moon Jelly - Medusa form most of its life
Hydrozoa - Pennaria disticha - Polyp and medusa forms (alternation)
Giant Barrel Sponge Porifera
Choanoflagellate
Common Ancestor - Sporic Life Cycle - Presence of Embryo - Desiccation-resistant spores - Apical Meristems - Gametangia - Sporangia
Common Ancestor
Common Ancestor - Presence of Lignin - Xylem/Phloem - Sporophyte (dominant generation) - Thick Waxy Cuticle - Stomata
Common Ancestor - Ovules - Pollen - Seeds - Heterospory - Wood
Angiosperms - Fruit - Endosperm - Ovaries - Flowers
White Water Lily (Nymphaea alba)
Southern Magnolia (Magnolia grandiflora)
Gymnosperms
Bald Cypress (Taxodium distichum)
Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris)
Eastern Marsh Fern (Thelypteris palustris) Monilophytes - Megaphylls Leaves
Fan Clubmoss (Diphasiastrum digitatum) Lycophytes - Lycophyll Leaves
Field Hornwort (Anthoceros agrestis) Hornworts
Woolly Feather Moss (Tomentypnum nitens) Mosses
Common Liverwort (Marchantia polymorpha) Liverworts
Braun's stonewort (Chara braunii) Charophytes - Zygotic life cycle
