Grammer

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Group 1. Past Simple. Regular and irregular verbs

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PAST SIMPLE VS PAST PERFECT

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SIMPLE PAST

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Part of speech

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Grammer

Verbs and adverbs

Adverbs

sometimes rewording a sentence can help convey more meaning than the use of an adverb.

Adverb placement is crucial since it can produce ambiguity or even misunderstanding.

Adverbs can also modify adjectives, other adverbs, or even an entire clause or sentence.

Adverbs describe, qualify, or limit the action of verbs.

Tense

The future progressive tense is another sort of tense that signifies something that will happen in the future.

Tense is how people aptly communicate exactly when things happened and when they happened in relation to one another.

Verb Moods

Conditional mood is formed with the auxiliary verbs would, could, should, and might.

Subjunctive mood is employed to describe situations that do not exist. It communicates aspirations, recommendations, or hypotheses.

Imperative mood expresses commands or instructions.

The most prevalent is indicative mood. It denotes a condition of affairs. Indicative mood can indicate a statement or a denial in the past, present, or future tense.

Mood does have an effect on how your messages come across.

Passive versus Active Voice

Passive voice indicates that the subject of the sentence is being acted on by the verb.

Passive voice may create unnecessary confusion or a lack of clarity, and it tends to be awkward.

Active voice indicates that the subject of the sentence is performing the action.

Misplaced and Dangling Modifiers

A dangling modifier occurs when a dependent clause does not have a clear referent.

A misplaced modifier is one that is not exactly adjacent to the word or phrase it describes.

Possessives

plural first, then possessive.

Possessive terms are marked with apostrophes. An apostrophe and the letter s are used to make a singular word possessive.

noun and pronoun grammars

Pronoun Case

Pronoun case refers to the pronoun’s function in the sentence. There are three types of case: possessive, subjective, and objective.

Possessive pronouns indicate possession.

The objective case specifies that the pronoun is employed as the object of a verb or a preposition.

The subjective case implies that the pronoun is the topic of the phrase and is usually the person or object doing the activity.

Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement

to ensure that your precedence reference is always obvious.

Pronouns and their antecedents must agree in number, exactly as subjects and verbs.

Antecedents are nouns to which pronouns refer.

Subject-Verb Agreement

that if you have one subject, you must have a singular verb; if you have two or more subjects, you must have a plural verb.

Capitalization and Proper Nouns

always capitalize names , job names, fields of study

punctuation

Semicolons

If you don't have two independent clauses, don't use a semicolon.

To separate two independent clauses that are not joined by a conjunction, use a semicolon.

Quotation Marks

they are used to quote a external line

Commas and periods go inside the closing quotation marks. Meanwhile, semicolons go outside.

Dashes

The 3 types of dashes are the hyphen is the shortest, followed by the en dash and then the em dash.

hyphen :use a hyphen to divide a word with more than one syllable when it falls at the end of a typewritten line.

en dash (-)It’s used primarily to separate numbers in date ranges.

Em dash (_): An em dash is used to indicate an interruption in thought or speech.

Comma

- Separate two adjectives that modify the same noun and may be used between them without changing the meaning.

- When an independent clause—that is, a complete sentence—is followed by a rather long dependent phrase, use a comma to separate them.

- A comma should not be used with a compound predicate, which is one subject with two verbs.

- Use a comma to separate two distinct phrases that are linked by coordinating or correlative conjunctions.

- If a word or phrase is vital to the sentence, do not surround it with commas.