mappa concettuale HAVE TO e MUST

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AN ESSAY CONCERNING THE TRUE ORIGINAL, EXTENT AND END OF CIVIL GOVERNMENT chapters VII, VIII, IX, XIV

por Rossana Adorno

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por lolo alrasi

PAST PROGRESSIVE

por CLARA AYLIN CUSSY ARIAS

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por Jana Sinkner

HAVE TO/MUST=DOVERE

FORMA INTERROGATIVA e RISPOSTE BREVI

No, I don't No, he doesn't

Yes, I do Yes, he does

Do/does + soggetto + have to + forma base del verbo + ?

Do we have to... Do you have to... Do they have to

Do we have to go to school ?

Does he have to... Does she have to... Does it have to...

Does he have to clean ?

Do I have to... Do you have to...

Do you have to cook ?

FORMA NEGATIVA si usa quando non è necessario o obbligatorio fare qualcosa

soggetto + don't/doesn't + have to + verbo alla forma base

we don't have to you don't have to they don't have to

We don't have to do the irooning you don't have to play the guitar they don't have to do the vacuuming

he doesn't have to she doesn't have to it doesn't have to

He doesn't have to go to school tomorrow She doesn't have to play volleyball. It doesn't have to go out

I don't have to You don't have to

I don't study today You don't have to clean the bathroom

FORMA AFFERMATIVA per indicare una necessità o un obbligo imposto dall'esterno riferita ad un tempo futuro o presente

soggetto + have to/has to + forma base del verbo

We have to you have to they have to

We have to feed the dog You have to play football They have to study

He/she/it has to

He has to tidy his room She has to cooking The dog has to eat to live

I have to you have to

I have to do lots of things at home You have to do the washing-up

FORMA NEGATIVA AL PAST SIMPLE

soggetto + did not + had to + verbo alla forma base

I didn't had to you didn't had to he didn't had to she didn't had to it didn't had to we didn't had to you didn't had to they didn't had to

I didn't had to go to school yesterday

FORMA AFFERMATIVA AL PAST SIMPLE

soggetto + had to +verbo alla forma base

I had to you had to he had to she had to it had to we had to you had to they had to

I had to cook yesterday

FORMA INTERROGATIVA AL PAST SIMPLE e RISPOSTE BREVI

Did + soggetto + have to + forma base del verbo

Did I have to... Did you have to... Did he have to... Did she have to... Did it have to... Did we have to... Did you have to... Do they have to...

Did you have to go to school trip to paris last year ?

yes, I had no, I didn't

MUSTN'T SI USA PER DIRE CHE E' PROIBITO FARE QUALCOSA. HAVE TO SI USA PER DIRE CHE NON E' NECESSARIO FARE QUALCOSA MA SI PUO' FARE

MUST SI USA PER ESPRIMERE UN OBBLIGO SENTITO NECESSARIO DA CHI PARLA. HAVE TO SI USA PER ESPRIMERE UN OBBLIGO IMPOSTO DALL'ESTERNO

MUST è un VERBO MODALE

Non cambia alla terza persona

è seguito da un verbo alla forma base

non si usano don't e doesn't

FORMA NEGATIVA SI USA PER ESPRIMERE PROIBIZIONE O DIVIETI

SOGGETTO + MUSTN'T + VERBO ALLA FORMA BASE

I MUSTN'T YOU MUSTN'T HE MUSTN'T SHE MUSTN'T IT MUSTN'T WE MUSTN'T YOU MUSTN'T THEY MUSTN'T

You mustn't leave the school during the break

FORMA AFFERMATIVA SI USA PER DARE ORDINI A SE STESSI, PER REGOLE E OBBLIGHI SOGGETTO + MUST + VERBO ALLA FORMA BASE

I must you must he must she must it must we must you must they must

I must go to bed early Your suitcase must be 10 kg