CHARACTERS ANIMAL FARM

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CHARACTERS ANIMAL FARM

Mr. WHIMPER

The name of Mr. Whymper is one of the many symbolisms hidden in Orwell's novel. Whymper acts as an "intermediary between the Animal Farm and the outside world" (6.7), and is the first human with whom the pigs have contact after the rebellion. He appears repeatedly in the novel, although always in a minor role, because all he does is receive and pass on Napoleon's communiqués to other humans. Whymper was the commission agent who regulated the dealings between the farmers and the pigs. I was pretty smart.

MOSES

The tame raven who spreads stories of Sugarcandy Mountain, the paradise to which animals supposedly go when they die. Moses plays only a small role in Animal Farm, but Orwell uses him to explore how communism exploits religion as something with which to pacify the oppressed.

CLOVES

A good-hearted female cart-horse and Boxer’s close friend. Clover often suspects the pigs of violating one or another of the Seven Commandments, but she repeatedly blames herself for misremembering the commandments.

MURIEL

The white goat who reads the Seven Commandments to Clover whenever Clover suspects the pigs of violating their prohibitions.

MOLLIE

The vain, flighty mare who pulls Mr. Jones’s carriage. Mollie craves the attention of human beings and loves being groomed and pampered. She has a difficult time with her new life on Animal Farm, as she misses wearing ribbons in her mane and eating sugar cubes. She represents the petit bourgeoisie that fled from Russia a few years after the Russian Revolution.

Mr. PILKINGTON

The easygoing gentleman farmer who runs Foxwood, a neighboring farm. Mr. Frederick’s bitter enemy, Mr. Pilkington represents the capitalist governments of England and the United States.

Mr. FREDERICK

The tough, shrewd operator of Pinchfield, a neighboring farm. Based on Adolf Hitler, the ruler of Nazi Germany in the 1930s and 1940s, Mr. Frederick proves an untrustworthy neighbor.

Mr. JONES

The owner of the Manor farm, drunk and neglected with the farm, is expelled from it by his own animals. It would represent Tsar Nicholas II of Russia, who, just as Farmer Jones had complete control over the farm, considered himself the sole leader of Russia. In the Revolution of 1917 the people revolted against him, blaming him for the hunger and misery they suffered and for the destruction caused by the First World War.

BOXER

A draft horse, hardworking, strong and dedicated, who serves with all his being to the revolution of animals, only to be sold by Napoleon to a glue factory after dying of pure exhaustion working to rebuild the mill. Boxer would represent the proletariat of Russia, the workers who were supposed to be the soul of the revolution and who for George Orwell would have been deceived and betrayed by the leaders of the communist party.

SQUEALER

One of the pigs that becomes the lieutenant and spokesman for Napoleon. Through the book he shows his ability to manipulate other animals with his convincing rhetoric. It represents the propaganda mechanisms used by the Stalin government, which, like Napoleon, was presented as an idealist, always seeking the good of the people.

OLD MAJOR

He is a wise pig who wanted a world where animals lived with dignity. The rebellion of animals is based on their ideas, but dies before seeing their triumph. The figure of Mayor, the leader respected by all, has frequently been associated with Lenin, with clear references in the novel as the story of the descent of the skull of Mayor for his public exhibition, in clear reference to the mummification and exposition of Lenin. His affable character and in search of a more just world has also made him relate to Karl Marx, the ideologist of communism, whose ideas of equality and defense of the proletariat were gradually degenerating under the government of Stalin.

SNOWBALL

He is the other aspiring leader of the farm, brilliant, brave and full of projects, he is usually compared to Leon Trotsky, who led the Red Army in the USSR, just as Snowball leads the animals against the farmer Jones. Similar to the flight of Snowball from the dogs that Napoleon commands after him, Trotsky suffered persecution by Stalin's police, accused of being a traitor, and was finally killed in exile.

NAPOLEON

It is one of the pigs, of strong personality and that tends to get away with it. Throughout history it is more similar to humans. He betrays the other animals and only cares about his kind. He also becomes the new dictator of the farm. He represents Joshep Stalin.

BENJAMIN

The long-lived donkey who refuses to feel inspired by the Rebellion. Benjamin firmly believes that life will remain unpleasant no matter who is in charge. Of all of the animals on the farm, he alone comprehends the changes that take place, but he seems either unwilling or unable to oppose the pigs.