Ex. The Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965
Legal steps to ensure that the rights of minority groups are protected.
Assimilation
Ex. United States: various groups that make up American society could be blended into a single people with a common, homogeneous culture.
The blending of culturally distinct groups into a single group with a common culture and identity
Cultural Pluralism
Ex. Switzerland - three official languages: French, German, Italian (none of these groups has taken on a dominant or minority role in Swiss society
allows each group within society to keep its unique cultural identity.
Extermination
Ethnic cleansing: removing a group from a particular area through terror, expulsion, and mass murder
Ex. Germany 1933: Adolf Hitler and Nazi Party come to power. Nazi's attempted to exterminate the entire Jewish population of Europe. Called the Holocaust
Genocide - destruction of a national, racial, ethnic, or religious group
Elimination of the minority group
Population Transfer
Ex. United States resettlement of Native Americans on reservations
Direct transfer - involves using for ce to move people to new locations sometimes within the same country
Indirect transfer - the dominant group makes life for minorities so miserable that they simply leave
Dominant group in a society separates itself from a minority group by transferring the minority population to a new territory.
Subjugation
Ex. Slavery: ownership of one person by another (Apartheid)
Maintain control over groups through force
Segregation
Ex. Middle Ages: European Jews were forced to live in walled off communities called ghettos.
De Facto segregation: based on informal norms
De Jure segregation: based on laws
Policies that physically separate a minority group from the dominant group. The minority group is forbidden to live in the same area as the dominant group and cannot use the same public facilities.
