Kategóriák: Minden - cleaning - disease - transmission - sterilization

a Savana Brooks 4 éve

206

Organigram

In healthcare settings, ensuring the safety and cleanliness of medical instruments and environments is paramount. This involves a multi-step process of decontamination, cleaning, and sterilization to eliminate all microorganisms.

Organigram

Disease Prevention

Needlestick safety act

- 600,000-800,000 needlesticks occur each year - Identify, use effective, safer medical devices - Bring in changes in annual update, exposure control plan - solicit in put from nonmangerial - employees who are responsible for direct patient care - Corporate changes, annual update, exposure control plan

Bloodborne pathogens standard

Regulations that require all health care facility employers to follow: - Need a plan to make sure exposure to bloodborne pathogens - Identify employees that have occupational exposure to body fluids - Enforce rules, areas that can potentially contaminated by body fluids. - Should be confidential medical evaluation and follow-up - Should be training about regulations and all potential biohazards

Maintaining Transmission-based Isolation precautions

Meaning: - Isolation precautions vary from one facility to another - Depends, the type of units provided for the isolated patients - Most facilities convert a regular patient room into an isolation room - some facilities use special room isolation units (two) - Basic principles maintaining transmission, isolation are the same regardless of the facility
Contact precaution
Before care: Private room.
Droplet precaution
Before care: Private room, maintaining 3 feet of space between patients/residents and the visitors.

During care: Limit transport of patients/resident, essential purpose only, patients residents must wear mask appropriate for disease.

After care: Bag linen to prevent contamination of self, the environment, or outside.

Airborne precaution
Before care: Private room and closed room, monitored negative air pressure, frequent air exchanges, high-efficiency filtration.

During care: Limit transport of patients/resident, essential purposes only, patients residents must wear mask appropriate for disease.

After care: Bag linen to prevent contamination of self, the environment, or outside bag.

Standard precaution- Wash hands, Wear gloves, Wear gown, etc.

Stopping transmission of infections

Standard precautions
Transmission-based precautions (also called isolation precautions) - Contact precautions - Droplet precautions - Airborne preactions

Risk to the Healthcare provider

Ways contamination can affect a healthcare worker: - Healthcare workers skin is pierced, cut by contaminated needles, sharp instruments. - Fluids are splashed on the mucous membranes, of the healthcare worker. (e.g. eyes, nose, mouth - Gets through the skin by cuts, scratches, rashes, acne, chapped skin, fungal infection.

Instrument Processing

Aseptic technique: - procedures use to decrease, possibility of transferring - Contaminated materials from one place to another
Decontamination-Cleaning-Sterilization (DCS)
Objective: Making instruments to handle, decreasing pathogen virulence. - Prevent organic material from sticking to the equipment
Decontamination: Soaking instruments in a disinfectant

Cleaning: - Use the right tools to scrub the equipment Objective: remove organic material on the equipment

Sterilization, High-level disinfection: - Objective: Kill all microorganisms

Aseptic Control

Surgical Asepsis (Sterile technique)
- Actions that keep equipment and supplies free of all microorganisms

- Uses all procedures including sterilization areas of the body - Also minor operations or injections

- Object is either sterile or not - If you are unsure, then it is not - Only touch sterile to sterile

Medical Asepsis
- Practices reduce the number of pathogens - Prevents their spread - Called clean technique

- Objects are known as clean or dirty (Contaminated)

Includes: - Hand hygiene - Barrier techniques - Maintaining a clean environment

Asepsis information
Antiseptics: chemicals that kill microorganisms on living skin or mucous membranes.

Disinfectants: Chemical that kill microorganisms on inanimate objects

Asepsis: is the freedom from disease causing microorganisms

Asepsis: absence of disease-producing microorganisms, pathogens

Sterile: - free from all organisms - pathogens and nonpathogenic - aswell as spores, viruses

Contaminated: Organisms and pathogens are present

Antisepsis: Prevents or inhibits growth of pathogenic organisms. - not effective attacking spores, viruses.
Disinfection: Destroys or kills pathogenic organisms - Not always effective attacking spores, viruses.

Sterilization: Destroy all microorganism - Both pathogenic and nonpathogenic

Modes of Transmission

Airborne transmission
- Microorganisms are carried by the air - Remains in the air - Dispersed over long periods
Droplet transmission
- a form of contact transmission - Involves transfer of small droplets - Released when an infected person: Coughs, sneeze, talk's during some medical procedures
Contact transmission: Most common mode of infection transmission
Indirect transmission: - an object or person - transfers microorganism from infected person to new host
Direct transmission: - transfer of microorganisms - directly from an infected person too someone else.