Carbohydrates Concept Map

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Carbohydrates

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Carbohydrates Concept Map

Polysaccharide

Can occur as one of two things

Heteropolysaccharide

Contains two or more differnt types of Monoaccharides

Homopolysaccharide

Example: Cellulose Structural components in plants

Humans do not have enzymes that hydrolyze b 1-4 Glycostatic bonsa

Made up of b 1-4 linked glucose residues

Make up the plant cell wall

Example: Dextran Structural component in bacteria and yeast

Made up of a 1-3 and a 1-6 Glycostatic bonds Possible it can contain a 1-2 and a 1-4 Glycostatic bonds

Example: Glycogen Storage form in animals

Branch points occur every 8-12 glucose residues (Occurs more frequently)

Made up of only Glucose

Example: Startch Storage form in plants

Branch points occur every 24-30 glucose residues

Amylopectin

Contains 1-4 and 1-6 a-Glycostatic bonds

Branched Glucose Polymer

Amylose

Contains 1-4 a-Glycostatic bonds

Unbranched Glucose Polymer

Only made up of Glucose

Serves as storage

Contains only a single type of Monoaccharide

Also known as "Glycans"

Most carbohydrates found in nature usually occur as Polysaccharides

More than 20 Monoaccharides linked together

Oligosaccharide

Consits of a short chain of Monosaccharide Less than 20 Monoaccharide linked together

Maltotriose

Linked together by 1-4 a-Glycostatic bonds

Made up of 3 Glucose molecules

Monosaccharide

Simple Sugars: Contains Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen (CHO)

Fauctose

Glucose

Two types of Glucose, a-Glucose and b-Glusose

Contains 6 Carbon atoms

Galactose

Disaccharide

Made up of two Monosaccharides

Sucrose

Also known as "Table Sugar" Is formed by plants not by animals

Has a bond of 1 a-Glucose + 2 b-Fauctose bond

Sucrose is made up of 1 Glucose and 1 Fauctose

Lactose

Naturally found in Milk

Linked by a 1-4 b-Glycostatic bond

Made up of 1 Galuctose and 1 Glucose

Maltose

Linked by a 1-4 a-Glycostatic bond

Two Glucose molecules which are linked together