LLS Typology

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Reference: Mohamed Amin Embi. Typology of Language Learning Strategies in http://issuu.com/profdramin/docs/llstypology

LLS Typology

Mohamed Amin Embi (1996) * based on influence of learning environment, setting and atmosphere * based on second language acquisition model by Ellis (1994)

Exam LLS

E.g.: Joining group discussion, doing exercises in workbooks, memorising essay format

Out-of-class LLS

Conversing with parents at home, discussing with friends after class, watch movies

Classroom LLS

E.g.: Sitting near proficient students, asking for clarification, answer silently to oneself

Oxford (1990) * according to purpose and use * based on research on cognitive & educational psychology

Indirect -Provide indirect support to language learning

Affective

Social

Direct -Have direct impact with target language -Require mental processing

Compensation

Memory

O'Malley & Chamot (1990) * related to psycholinguistic and sociolinguistic aspects

Social Affective

E.g.: i)Asking for clariification ii) Cooperation iii) Self talk

Medium for social activities and interaction

Metacognitive

E.g.: i) Advanced organization ii) Advanced preparation iii) Organizational planning iv) Self-monitoring v) Self-evaluation

Involves planning, thinking, monitoring & evaluating learning

Cognitive

E.g.: i) Resourcing ii) Grouping iii) Note-taking iv) Summarizing

Focuses on learning & manipulating learning materials continuously