por Pacharida Vinitvorakul hace 13 años
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Vegetation allows more rain water to infiltrate the ground, thereby reducing the flow surface runoff
Permeability of rocks
Climate
In area with different season the amount of water in the channel fluctuates according to the amount of rainfall in each season
Dry season, the volume of water remains low. On the other hand river found in hot and wet equatorial hence, areas have a high volume of water in their channel
A river flowing in an area with less permeable rocks will most probably have a larger volume as water in its channel compare to the area with more permeable rocks
Sparse vegetation does not allow much rain water to infiltrate the ground thus, increasing the flow surface runoff so more surface runoff flow into the river and the volume of river is large.
Encounters obstacles such as rocks,boulders,underwater vegetation or an uneven river bed
This obstales cause friction between the water and the channel, thus it will slow down the river flow and reduce the speed of the river
Wetted perimeter
River channels can be various shape and size
If the wetted perimeter is large, more water comes into contact with the channel. Thus, a lot of friction is generated as a river flows along the channel
If the wetted perimeter is small, less friction is generated and hence, the river will tend to flow faster
