3 Ways to Categorise Language Learning Strategies

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3 Ways to Categorise Language Learning Strategies

O' Malley and Chamot's (1990)

Social / Affective Strategies

Interactions

Cognitive Strategies

Imagery

Deduction

Grouping

Key word method

Inferencing

Summarizing

Ellaboration

Transfer

Repetition

Resourcing

Note Taking

Auditory Representation

Metacognitive Strategies

Rubin's (1987)

Social Strategies

Activities / Practices

Communication (Interactive) Strategies

Participating in a conversation

Learning Strategies

Self-management

Setting goals

Prioritising

Deductive reasoning

Inductive Inferencing

Classification

Monitoring

Memorisation

Practice

Oxford's (1990)

Indirect Strategies

Social

Asking questions

Interaction

Cooperation

Affective

Confidence

Motivation

Attitude

Meta-cognitive

Evaluating

Focusing

Arranging

Planning

Direct Strategies

Compensation

Guessing unknown words

Cognitive

Analyzing & reasoning

Memory

Creating mental linkages & employing actions