Bioaccumulation: When a food chain is disturb from toxic substances, this is called bioaccumulation. Bioaccumulation occurs in yemen because of the lack of sewage treatment plants,over-use of pesticides and fertilizers, poor sanitation and factory wastes.
Sources of water pollution
Eutrophication: algae growth happens when chemicals like phosphates and nitrates are abundant in water. The bloom of the algae causes lack of O2 and light from the sun entering water as it is blocked by the algae causing some fish life to struggle.
Diagram of bioaccumulation:
Side effect of Bioaccumulation: Bioaccumulation kills sea animals that may be predators controlling prey populations or kills of fish that humans use for food.
Side effects of Eutrophication: Eutrophication alters the water's pH levels by the now existing algie decomposing and releasing CO2
Effects on humans and animals which rely on water
Yemen is suffering permanent damage to its valuable fisheries. Due to water pollution and hydrocarbon extraction.
Some substances like sodium carbonate, ammonium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide or magnesium hydroxide change the pH of water. This makes harmful elements to the sea plant and animal life dissolve in water much easily which does not result well for those lives.
Acid
0-3 pH
4-6 pH
Weak
Strong
8-10 pH
11-14 pH
Strong
Weak
Base
Yemen Oil Spill
Animals and plants die from lack of clean water which produces excessive amounts of CO2
That CO2 produced makes water levels more acidic producing carbonic acid.
Floating topic
pH: A scale used to identify if the substance is acidic or basic (aqueous solution).
pH indicator: substances that changes color from a solution's pH level after coming in contact with it.
Litmus
phenolphthalein
methyl orange
thymol blue
bromothymol blue
methyl red
ph Indicators
Raods and urban areas
Agriculture
Sewage
Illegal dumping of waste
Oil Spills
Atmosphere
Solutions Solvents
Eutrophication: chemicals such as nitrates and phosphates enrich the water and promotes algae growth. This restricts the amount of sunlight in the water due to algal blooms and it decreases the amount of dissolved O2 in the water
Diagram of Eutrophication:
Solvents: Substance that dissolves a solute.
Solute: Substance that dissolves in a solvent.
Water (H2O)
Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH)
Hydroxyl + Sodium (OH + Na)
+
Inter Molecular Forces
Hydrogen Bonding
Dipole-Dipole
Floating topic
Saturation Level
Super Saturated
Saturated
Unsaturated
Solute concentration is lower than its equilibrium solubility.
Maximum concentration of solute that can be dissolved in a solvent
More than Maximum concentration of solute that can't be dissolved in a solvent
Mixtures
Heterogenous: Different substance mixture.
Homogenous: Same substance mixture
Pollutants in water
Picture of people in yemen using what little of clean water they have
Since water whether underground or from any neighboring sea the people of Yemen do not have access to clean water. Under 55% of Yemenis have access to clean water and 71%-78% Yemenis live under the poverty line. Thanks to the poverty and polluted water people of Yemen have no where to get water from except from filtered plastic bottles that 3 out of 4 yemenis cant afford.
