Carter Macromolecule Concept Map

Carbohydrates

Monosaccharides

Elements found in Carbohydrates: Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen

Carbs Functions: Give us quick and stored energy, make up plant structure,

Examples of Carbohydrates: glucose, fructose, lactose, sucrose, starch, galactose

Unique characteristics: A simple carbohydrate is a chain of sugar molecules called monosaccharides if you combine these sugars you get

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Triglyceride

Elements found in Lipids: Hydrogen, Oxygen, Carbon

Lipid Functions: Energy storage, cushions organs, insulates body

Lipids Examples: Saturated Fats-butter, coconut oil. Unsaturated fats-plant and fish fats, vegetable oils, liquid at room temp, phospholipids

Unique characteristics: Lipids are non-polar, and they are hydrophobic meaning they don't like water

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Amino Acids

Elements found in Lipids: Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen

Protein Functions: Give us structure, hormones, muscle, strengthen immune system

Examples of Proteins: Muscle, fingernails, skin, hair, enzymes, hormones

Unique characteristics: There are 20 essential amino acids in proteins, there are four layers in protein structure

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Nucleotide

Elements found in Nucleic Acids: Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphate

Functions of Nucleic Acids: Make up DNA and RNA, store information in the body, transferred from parents to offspring

Examples of Nucleic Acids: RNA and DNA

Unique characteristics: nucleotides are the monomers of nucleic acids. Nucleotides have three parts; phosphate group, pentose sugar, and a nucleotide

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