ANIMATION, INTERACTIVITY AND NAVIGATIONAL ASPECTS OF MULTIMEDIA LEARNING

Computer Animation

the art of creating moving
images with the use of computers

computer graphics

animation

Improve learning

Supporting the Visualization and
the Mental Representation Process

facilitates the buildingof mental
representation of the concept to be learnt

Producing a cognitive conflict

providing different scenarios including animations to improve learning and help students to make their conceptions explicit

Enabling exploration through incorporation
of interactive support

learner explores the animation in order to
understand and memorize the topic under study

Implications for Cognitive Theory

means

animation can lower the cognitive loads imposed on learners in building mental representation of abstract concepts

animation enable learners to visualize the
system so to be able to mentally stimulate

animation may induce a superficial processing of the animated content and lead to the illusion of understanding

Implications for Instructional Design

means

motivating learners to learn through animations which form part of the multimedia learning environments

animation is used when it involves change over time
and when observation is impractical in real life

reducing high cognitive loads through animations

involves

five principles for the integration
of animations in teaching and learning

consist

Principle 1

is that

animation should not contain excessive elements
that is not necessary to understand a concept

Principle 2

represents

events successively in the animation so that learners can build a functional mental model of the display

Principle 3

conveys

information which gives learners
control over the pace of animation

Principle 4

involves

guidance to learners to make them aware of changes
in animation by using auditory or graphics elements

Principle 5

are about

multimedia instructional material that includes options to activate animation and information should be clear to avoid redundancy between static and animated visual materials

through

Navigational Aids in Multimedia Learning

are

devices or elements that help learners make
their way through complex information

constituting

of verbal and graphical devices such as headings, introduction, section number, table of content,
concept map, hyperlinks and tables

categorized as

Concept Maps and Graphical Representations

consist

of diagram showing relationship among different ideas, images or words through graphical tools to organize and represent them

Concept Maps in Hypertext Comprehension

consist

of advance organizers which help readers to build representation of contents and organization of materials which activate knowledge and encode relations between topics

Semantic Grouping and Expandable Menus

consist

of designing large hypertext databases and structuring explicit menus so as to balance depth and breadth

Interactivity

the dialog that occurs between a human
being and a computer program