Unit 4: Genetics

Molecular Genetics

DNA

Double Helix

Complementary Strands

Anti-Parallel Strands

Prokaryotes

Plasmid

Eukaryotes

Nucleus

Organization

Nucleosome

Chromatin

Chromosomes

Genome

Gene

Historical Contributions

Miescher

Nuclei

Nuclein

Griffith

Virulent S-Strain

Non-Virulent R Strain

Transformation

Hershey & Chase

P32

S35

Chargaff

A:T

C:G

Chargaff's Rule

Pauling

Helix Shape

Franklin

Sugar Phosphate Backbone

0.34nm/3.4nm

Watson & Crick

Semiconservative

DNA Replication

Models

Conservative

Semiconservative

Dispersive

Meselson and Stahl

14N

15N

Phases

Initiation

Topoisomerase II

Replication Forks

Elongation

RNA Primers

RNA Primase

DNA Polymerase III

Leading Strand

Lagging Strand

DNA Ligase

Termination

Telomeres

Telomerase

Central Dogma of Gene Expression

Transcription

Translation

RNA

mRNA

rRNA

tRNA

Transcription

Initiation

RNA Polymerase

Promoter Region

Elongation

Antisense Strand

Sense Strand

Termination

Terminator Sequence

Post-Transcription

5' cap

Poly-A Tail

Removal of Introns

Translation

tRNA

Anticodon Loop

Acceptor Stem

Initiation

Start Codon

Active Ribosome

Elongation

Subtopic

Stop Codon

UGA

UAG

UAA

Molecular Chaperones

Genetic Code

Redundant

Continuous

Universal

Mutations

Causes

Spontaneous

Physical

Chemical

Single Gene Mutation

Substitution

Silent

Non-Sense

Mis-Sense

Frameshift

Insertion

Deletion

Chromosomal Mutation

Reciprocal Translocation

Photo Repair

Disorders

Cystic Fibrosis

Crohn's Disease

Gene Regulation

Housekeeping Genes

Terms

Operon

Operator

Promoter

Repressor

Activator

Bacteria

lac operon

trp operon

Prokaryotes

Transcriptional

Translational

Synthesized Protain

Eukaryotes

Pre-Transcriptional

Post-Transcriptional

Translational

Post-Translational

Biotechnology Techniques

DNA Isolation

Restriction Enzyme Digestion

DNA Ligase

Recombinant DNA

DNA Amplification

Polymerase Chain Reaction

DNA Strand Denaturation

Primer Annealing

DNA Strand Synthesis

Taq Polymerase

Gel Electrophoresis

Gel Medium

Agarose

Polyacrylamide

Loading Dye

Visualizing Gel

Ethidium Bromide