Seperation Techniques

Magnetic Attraction

Use to seperate magnetic substances from non-mafneyic substaces

Example : Iron fillings and sulphur

Applies the concept of magnetism

Gradual change of liquid to gas that
occurs at the liquid surface

Used to seperate dissolved solids
from a liquid

Example: Salt water

Solution is being heated,
leaving solid behind while
the liquid turns into gas

Is an analytical method of isolating
the coloured components of a mixture

Is of various kinds

Paper chromatography

Used to seperate the components of a
mixture by treating the mixture with a
solvent

Finding colours in dyes

Finding coloured substances used in food products

Example

Sweets

Canned Vegetables

Identifying poison or drugs

Detecting traces of unpermitted food
addictives in foodstuffs

RNA fingerprinting in forensics

Liquid chromatography

Gas chromatography

Ion-Exchange chromatography

Seperate solids from liquids or solids from solids

Example

Chalk and water

Salt and sand

Uses filter paper for filtration

Mixture with solid particles is known as suspension

When filtered, remains on the filter
paper is known as residue,while substances
that go through the filter paper are kmown
as filtrate.

Can use a centrifuge to allow filtration to
happen more quickly

Liquids that do not mix are known as 'immiscible'

Liquids that mix are known as 'miscible

Mixture of miscible liquids with different
boiling points can be seperated by
fractional distillation

Example of usages

Seperate the constituents of air

Obtain petroleum fractions from crude oil

Make alcoholic beverages

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