By Samantha Stewart & Jasmine McLaurin
Sources
Losappio, L., Heffler, E., Carpentiere, R. et al. “Characteristics of patients admitted to
emergency department for asthma attack: a real-LIFE study”. BMC Pulm Med 19, 107 (2019).
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12890-019-0869-8
Chung, M. C., Rudd, H., & Wall, N. (2012). Posttraumatic stress disorder following asthma attack (post-
asthma attack PTSD) and psychiatric co-morbidity: The impact of alexithymia and coping. Psychiatry
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Postma, D. S., & Rabe, K. F. (2015). The Asthma–COPD overlap syndrome. The New England Journal
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Paymon, L. S., & Riley, P. (2018). Caregivers’ Perception of Asthma Control In Children. Pediatric Nursing, 44(1), 17–37.
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Asthma
Use this mind map structure to discover unseen connections, generate new ideas and reach a better understanding of any given subject.
Anxiety
Goals and outcomes
having control of asthma (proper management)
communication emotions/fears properly
re-breather (or paper bag)
teaching of medication and importance
deep breathing
assess the patient ability to process emotions
treat psychological
teachers
family/friends
counselor
low asthma control
trauma
Signs and Symtoms
hyperventilating
panic attack
suppress feelings
Medications
Oxygen
Corticosteroid (prevention - anti-inflammatory agents)
budesonide
beclometason dipropionate
Flovent
bronchodilator (reliever - short acting)
terbutaline sulfate
salbutamol
Albuterol
Glucocorticoids (Predsione)
Pathophysiology
causes
unknown
environmental exposure
child hood infection (Bronchiolitis)
smoking during pregnancey
possibly hereditary
risk factors
All ethnicity
all ages
Late-phase
eosinophils make the airway becomes oedematous, the bronchial wall becomes constricted and the airway is compromised by overproduction of mucus
signs and symptom
chest tighteneing
Inflammatory respiratory disease
broncho-constriction
mucus clog airways
airway obstuction of smooth muscle
Effects small and large airways
Ineffective Airway Clearance
The key points are the arguments which will support your thesis. These can be agreeing arguments or disagreeing arguments too, in each case they need to reflect on the main idea.
normal lung function
not waking from coughing
minimal side effects of medications
no limitations of activities
control of inflammation
teaching of effective way of using inhaler
Incentive spirometry
peak flow meter
meter dose
dry powder
spacers
nutrition
healthy lifestyle
control
know your environment triggers
step up or step down method
use of medication
severe cases - oxygen therapy
antibiotic medications
corticosteriods
bronchodilator
viruses
allergens
exercise
second hand smoke
Collaborative Care
Pulmonology
family/friend
mental health
coughing
chest tightening
breathlessness
low O2
COPD (Inflammatory disease that effects the small airways)
Goals and Outcomes
taking medications properly
maintain ADLs
quit smoking
maintain O2 stats above 94%
Interventions
medications
cluster care
smoking cessation
Oxygen therapy
Collaborative care
physical therapy - depending on severity
Respiratory
Risk Factors
State the main idea of the essay. This will be your thesis statement.
Age >45 years old
occupational exposure
air pollution
smoking
Signs and Symptoms
In the introduction you should state the ideas what you want to defend along the essay.
wheezing
phlegm
cough
