The United Kingdom operates under a system where the executive, legislative, and judiciary branches have distinct roles and responsibilities. The Prime Minister, as head of government, coordinates the cabinet, plans parliamentary business, and makes major decisions.
nonelected bodies outside traditional governmental departments or local authorities
legislative branch
house of commons/Jacob Rees-Mogg
cannot elect queen
The Commons' functions are to consider through debate new laws and changes to existing ones, authorise taxes, and provide scrutiny of the policy and expenditure of the Government. It has the power to give a Government a vote of no confidence.
house of lords/ Baroness Evans
approval of bills from the house of lords is not required
Its most useful functions are the revision of bills that the House of Commons has not formulated in sufficient detail and the first hearing of noncontroversial bills that are then able, with a minimum of debate, to pass through the House of Commons.
Judicial branch
supreme court
The Supreme Court is the highest court of appeal for the whole of the UK.
court of appeals
deals only with appeals from other courts or tribunals.
high court
The High Court deals at first instance with all high value and high importance civil law (non-criminal) cases, and also has a supervisory jurisdiction over all subordinate courts and tribunals, with a few statutory exceptions.
crown court
Crown Courts have power to deal with indictable offences, and also hear most appeals from magistrates' courts.
magistrates court
The Magistrates Court is one of the minor courts, and all criminal cases start here. This court isn't only for criminals, it's also for some civil matters, mainly focusing on family issues.
Executive branch
justice minister/The Rt Hon Robert Buckland
cannot appoint cabinet memebers
Oversight of the Judiciaries of the United Kingdom
Matters of probation
Her Majesty's Prison Service in England and Wales
finance minister/rishi sunak
cannot mobilize the military
Ministerial arrangements
Monetary policy
Fiscal policy
foreign minister/dominic raab
cannot elect prime minister
Oversight for the Secret Intelligence Service (MI6) and the Government Communications Headquarters (GCHQ).
Matters pertaining to the Commonwealth of Nations and the Overseas Territories
Promotion of British interests abroad.
British relations with foreign countries and governments
defense minister/ben wallace
cannot forsee short term military threats
Communications on defence
Defence policy (Trident), resourcing and planning
Relations with international partnerships, including NATO
Strategic military and defensive operations
head of government(prime minister)/ boris johnson
parliamentary democracy
cannot change schedule of legislative decisions
coordinates goverment
arbitrates between departments
plans parlimentary business
makes or ratifies major desicions
appoints cabinet
head of state/queen elizabeth 2
Although she is the crown, the government and state officials exercise the powers of the crown
