Chapter 3 Assignment
The Social Structure of New France
The social structure of New France was the Governor, then the Intendant, The Catholic church/Clergy, Seigneurs, the Jesuits, then the peasants or habitants.
This is a picture of the nuns with some children in front of the church
The Roles of the Government: The Governor: To govern the colony with orders from the king and manage the military. The Intendant: He kept the colony in order, worked to make the colony less dependent on France for goods, and also exploited the colony to convince colonists to come over. The Catholic Church: The church was a strong influence in the building of hospitals, schools, etc.. and gave people a place to practice their faith. The Clergy: The clergy was the sort of "council" that the church consulted to make decisions. The Bishop of Quebec: He was the representative of the Catholic Church. He provided moral and spiritual support, built hospitals, schools, churches, and orphanages. Jesuits were the Catholic missionaries that wanted to convert the Aboriginals to Catholic faith.
The Merchants, Fur traders, and Others: Merchants: The merchants made and sold goods in the colony to make money. They usually had apprentices or employees. Coureurs de Bois: The Coureurs de bois were "runners of the woods". They had no particular side in the trade, but worked for themselves trading with the First Nations and selling the goods. It was illegal to be one. Filles du roi: The daughters of the king. The filles du roi were poor girls from hard, miserable lives in France that were randomly picked by the hundreds to travel to New France to get married, have a farm, have kids, and populate the area. Habitants: The habitants were people who the seigneurs gave land to farm and live on. Seigneurs: These nobles were given land grants from the king in New France to sell to the habitants.
The Structure of the Haudenosaunee
The Confederacy was made of 5 and eventually 6 nations. *The Seneca: the keepers of the western door. *The Cayuga *The onandaga: the keepers of the council fire *The Oneida *The Mohawk: Keepers of the eastern door
The Hoyaneh: The Hoyaneh were the male leaders of the nation. they were picked by the clan mothers and were the most trustworthy, wise, and honest person.
The Clan Mothers: The Clan Mothers were the elders that chose the Hoyaneh. At the Grand Council, they advised the decisions the Hoyaneh made. They also taught the children the ways of the clan .
The Grand Council: The Grand Council was a meeting of the 50 chiefs of the Haudenosaunee. The Hoyaneh (leaders) the Women's and Men's councils, and the clan mothers attended this council.
The Councils: The Councils were made up of the women and the men of the nation. They helped make decisions for the clan.
The Children : the children were the future of the clan, so it was their job to learn and help about the land.
European Imperialism
How Imperialism affected the F.N: When the explorers came from Europe, they brought with them disease, a bad attitude, and goods. With disease came infection and epidemic, spreading across the land like wildfire... Death came soon after. F.N were taken into captivity to be converted and sent back to Europe. After a while trade began, but the F.N way of life was already gone forever. Towns and forts were being set up faster than the F.N could migrate away. War broke loose, bring more death and pain.
This is a ship in the waters off our East Coast
How Imperialism helped develop Canada: Acadia: When the French came to North America, they landed on the east coast of Canada. Naturally after exploring for years they built a settlement; Acadia. The colony flourished, The colonists farmed and made the land their own . That place is the base of the French-Canadians of today.
New France: Much like Acadia, New France was a successful French colony. It lived off of the fish and furs of the land, buying and selling. It was the home of the first French-Canadians, like Acadia... If France hadn't explored, that whole portion, a BIG portion, of Canada wouldn't exist and we'd be even smaller in population.
Rupert's Land: Rupert's Land included Hudson's Bay, so fur trade with the First Nations was inevitable. Though it was small, population quickly increased. As the Brits explored, Rupert's Land expanded. and The British eventually got a better hold of Canada and forced the French colonists into submission.
13 Colonies: The 13 Colonies was an American British colony that eventually gained independence from Britain through war, which sucks. It was already a strong colony that didn't need Britain. The colonists there had no interest in the F.N so what happened was the F.N were pushed of the land so the colonists could farm and populate quicker. Conversion to Protestant was unimportant at the time. The explorers kept claiming land inland and pushing F.N away.
European Imperialism Factors. The Social Factors: Interaction with the F.N happened right off the bat! Negative and positive impressions between the people were breaking loose as they met.. A negative would be the explorers were afraid and shot a few, thinking they were a threat; but a positive is they came upon land and were taken in by the clan. Trade was another positive!! The explorers were obviously competing for more of North America, but when the fur trade started, it was survival of the fittest. France and Britain had the largest footholds in Canada and the States. the most hat/ fur money was made up there, whereas Italy and Spain were more down, in the Caribbean. . Economic Factors: France became rich off of the fishing, iron working, and fur trading to supply the hats for the popular hat craze spreading through Europe. The British started to farm and claim more and more land for themselves, while still trading goods for Great Britain. The most effective economic system was mercantilism, in which the furs would be bought, made to hats and such, and sent to Europe for money.