Narrations of Hadith
2. weak narrations of hadith
i. there are some jurist made rulings based on weak hadeeth because of
a) not aware unreliability of hadith
b) they took weak hadeeth to be prefered to their Qiyas
ii for example, Imam Abu Hanifah and Imam Ahmad state said that wudhu will void by vomiting based on hadis narrated by Aishah. However, that hadeeth rated as dhaif (weak).
Main topic
4. resolutions of textual conflict in hadith
i. Some jurist choose the path of “Tarjeeh
giving preference to some Hadeeths while rejecting others on the same topic
ii. Some of the other jurists chose the path of Jama’
involved combining such as Hadeeth ((using one in one in general sense))
Example (1): Prophet (SAW) forbade Salaah at certain times saying; “No Salaah (is allowed) after fajr prayer until the sun has rised and after ‘Asr prayer until the sun has set.
iii. There are other equally authentic Hadeeths in which certain Salaahs were recommended without time restriction.
Example (2)
“If any of you enters a masjid, he should pray two Raka’aat (units of prayer) before sitting down.”
a) Imaam Abu Haneefah
gave preference to the first Hadeeth and ruled that all forms of Salaah were forbidden during the forbidden times
b) Imaam Malik, Imaam ash-Shaafi’ee and Imaam Ahmad
combined the two Hadeeths, ruling that the first Hadeeth was general and referred to voluntary Salaah (Nafl), whereas the second Hadeeth was specific, allowing highly recommended Salaah (Mustahabb) even during the generally frobidden times.
1. availability of hadith
The major madzhab were founded in different part empire before the comprehensive compilation of hadith made
comprehensive compilation of hadith were not available until the end 9 century to the early decade of tenth.
Abu Hanifah rule that istisqa'
prayer for rain
His students
Abu Yusuf
Muhammad
and others imams
3. conditions for the acceptance hadith
IMAM ABU HANIFAH
DECREED A HADEETHS HAD TO BE WELL-KNOWN BEFORE BEING AS ACCEPTABLE EVIDENCE
IMAM MALIK
DECREED A HADEETHS MUST NOT OPPOSITE THE CUSTOMS OF THE MADEENITES IN ORDER TO BE ACCEPTABLE
IMAM AHMAD
HADEETHS ACCEPTABLE AS PROOF
IMAM SYAFIE
ACCEPT ONLY MURSAL HADEETHS WHICH MOST HADEETHS SCHOLARS FELT VALID (SAHIH)