Issues in Canadian Geography

In 2023, over 7.3 Million people are aged 65 and older.In 2043, there is expected to be over 11 million people in Canada.Newfoundland and Labrador24.6%New Brunswick23.6%Nova Scotia22.7%Quebec21.4%Prince Edward Island20.7%British Columbia20.5%Ontario18.8%Saskatchewan17.2%Manitoba16.9%Yukon15.2%Alberta15.2%Northwest Territories10.4%Nunavut4.5

In 2015, there were over 244 million international immigrants, which is around 7 times the population of Canada, and over 65 million of those immigrants were forcefully dispatched due to war and conflict. Researchers predict over 1 billion refugees by the end of the century. Researchers claim that migration is part of human nature. They claim that borders are the problem, because of the idea of keeping people out.I picked this article because It's interesting how migrating works, and I thought it would be cool for me to dig a little deeper. I put it in Sustainable communities because it has to do with communities starting to mingle and merge together, and mixing. It's also because with so many immigrants, being sustainable is crutial.

Government promises to transition to cleaner energy jobs that will create so many jobs that there will not be enough workers to fill them.

Netherlands found sollution to biodiversity loss by using green roofs. Bees now fly roof to roof. Increased heavy rainfall, droughts, and heat waves in netherlands due to climate change. Green roofs are also being developed in Amsterdam. Green roofs are also good for our own health. Green roofs are getting developed in Beijing, Bangkok, and more.

What makes life liveable:A well paying jobHealthy workspaceSustainable food and waterDecent shelterFamilyEntertainmentDecent educationGood time management.Exercising oftenFallback option

What is circular Economy?uses less raw material, less waste, and fewer emissions(pollution)average Europeans produce 14 tons of wasteregenerates old productscreativity and innovationWhy do we need it?

In 10,000 BC, the Earths population was only around 10 million.By the 1800s, there were 1 billion people.During the industrial revolution in the 1900, there were 2 billion people.There was a baby boom due to the industrial revolution, Cultural shift to have smaller families in BangledeshWent from 7 babies per woman with 50 year expectancy to 2.2 babies per woman, with 70 year expectancy.China, India, and Bangledesh have the biggest population.World is shifting to smaller families.2 child family = normChild survival correlates to birthPopulation slows down and regulates by 11 billion.80% of adults can read and write.Chimps are smarter than British people.Blue=AfricaRed=AsiaYellow=EuropeGreen=NA + SAIn 60 years, over 1 billion people left extreme poverty.To get out of poverty, other countries can help by donating vaccines, building schools, roads, electricity, good health, and contreceptives.85% of all the oil is used by the richer half of the world.silique is a long thought

Being able to sustain at a certain level.

30% of greenhouse gases as well as 35% of landfill waste is generated from buildings; as well as 70% of municipal water. LEED has labeled itself the "Global Standhard in Green Building", and it is the Canadas green building council. LEED verifies that a building can acheive high performances in 6 areas of human and environmental health:Location and TransportSustainable Site DevelopmentWater savingEnergy EfficiencyMaterials SelectionIndoor environmental Quality.I Picked this article because I do believe that having sustainable communities is crutial to human survival. This article then caught my eye because it presents a solution. I put this article in Sustainable Communities because it helps with solving it. It also centers around communities and haman and environmental health within a community.

There are a total of 7 species at risk in Canada due to either habitat loss, overhunting, invasive species, disceases, genetic and reproductive isolation, climate change and other causes. The Endangered species include:CaribouBoreal caribouSouthern mountain caribouPeary caribouBarren-ground caribouGreater sage-grouseWood bisonThere are many things that we can do to help the species a risk, such as:Learn about them by visiting websites going to parks and zoos, and going to botanical gardens.Offer to help in teams in your community which have a goal to aid species in danger.Grow native plants in your garden.Use little to no pesticide and harmful garden products.Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle.Etc.I chose this article because I am concerned about species at risk. It desturbs me that once a species goes extinct, it's gone. Forever. I put this in Biodiversity because it has to do with species which play a huge part in the biodiversity of Canadas Ecosystems.

Clear-cutting is when you cut off all the trees in a forest. This is efficient and cheap but bad for the forest, as it destroys the entire ecosystem.Shelterwood logging is only taking out sections of the forest, leaving parts of it intact. It is better for the forest because it leaves the forest to regenerate, but less efficient.Seletctive cutting is the best for the forest, as it only cuts the most mature trees and levae most of the forest intact. This is the best for the forest but the most expensive and the least efficient.Temperate rainforests occur in temperate latitudes.Coniferous trees are called hard-wood trees, which lose their leaves and lay dormant over the winter. Examples of configerous trees include birch, oak, and maple.Deciduous trees are called soft-wood trees, and stay green throughout the whole winter. Examples of deciduous trees include spruce and pine.

Ancient forests are non-renweable forests which takes thousands of years to grow back, and the complex ecosystems simplt cannot live in the second growth forests, which have less impressive trees, weaker wildlife, etc.Old growth forests are being lost for wood pellets.The Disapperance of Old Growth Forest on Vancouver IslandVancouver used to be covered all in forest"We thought the forest would last forever".Over 6 million cubic metres of raw logs were exported in 2016. Enough to employ thousands of men and women in milling and manufacturing.

You have to bring your head as back as it can go to just see the canopy of thiose trees.Protesters chained themself on concrete bricks and get arrested just to protest.Old growth forests may go extinct by as little as 5 years.Clayoquot Sound: War in the Woods: late 80's / early 90sOver 12000 people took part in the blockade of logging trucks over the summer, and around 900 people were arrested.The protests were considered a success on many fronts.It led to many new land use policies and elevated public understanding on old growth forests. rFairy Creek: The Last Stand (2021)People sit in trees to protect them. The record for tree sitting is 2 years. Wow. The name of the record holder is Julia Hill. In turn, she saved a 200 by 200 foot area of trees. Was it

MiningWatch is an NGO that is keeping accountable mining corporations in their operationsCanadian mining companies operate with no regulationsMining has serious effects on water around it.Many mining laws are outdated and out of step.Some environmental planning may or may not allow mining.

Open pit: Takes chunks out of the land one by one until it looks like a pit. Strip:Mines in a straight line to mine.Underground:Goes deep underground and mines for valuable minerals such as diamonds.

Tailings Ponds:"Ponds" where they store the chemicals used to seperate valuable mined material from waste rock or dirt. The ponds are full of toxic chemicals similar to leachate. Hundreds of ducks died because they got caught in the tar, got poisoned, and died.

The Exxon Valdez incident was an oil spill on March 1989. The captain of a ship full of oil was drinking and crashed the ship into a sharp rock, causing one of the biggest oil leaks of all time. The ship spilled over eleven million gallons of oil.

Storms last 80 percent longer and fish rates have dropped from 40 baskets to a mere 14 on a good day, due to the warming of the Indian ocean. The fishes are moving further from shore, meaning that the fishermen must move further from shore, and less catches.

400 years ago the largest fishing fleet shipped to Canada here.Nets started catching no more cod, due to overfishing.

Thousands of earthquakes shookfishing city in Iceland, Grindavik. Blue Laggoon geothermic spa closed as a precaution due to magma rising. The Reason why Iceland is so volcanically active is because of the giant tectonic plates pulling right beneah the island. Tectonic plates are giant chunks of the Earths outer layer, which carries countries and continents. When they collide and slide around each other, it causes mountains and volcanoes to be formed. due to the many meeting tectonic plates and "hotspots", Iceland is very volcanically active. I Chose this Article because the title attracted me. I was interested in volcanic eruptions which led me here.This has to do to physical geography because it has to do with landform regions, such as mountains and volcanoes. It also has to do with tectonic plates and continental drift, which we learned about not too long ago.

More than half of the population lives in cities, and by 2030 around 5 billion will be in cities much of this incoming urbanization will occur in Africa and Asia.Pros: Well being, efficiency, and economic growth. (If done correctly), new opportunities Cons: Hard to pull off, high concentration of poverty, inequality, less space, social mobilization, easier to access transport urbanized = people living in cities

Types of land use:Residential Land use [Low density, medium density, high density]Transportation land use (Road, Tracks, Etc.)Commercial land use (Shops, Malls, Etc.)Mixed land use (Mixed)Industrial land use (Factories, Distribution, Etc,)Institutional and public buildings (Libraries, City hall, Etc.)Open space and recreational land use (Parks, Golf courses, Etc.)

CNL wants to build an engineered mound near the surfce on the Chalk River Labratories site located in Deep River; on the unceded terrirories of the algonquin Anishinābe nations people. It is located 190 kilometres NW of Ottawa. However the Algonquin people oppose this ideea.

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Netherlands found sollution to biodiversity loss by using green roofs. Bees now fly roof to roof. Increased heavy rainfall, droughts, and heat waves in netherlands due to climate change. Green roofs are also being developed in Amsterdam. Green roofs are also good for our own health. Green roofs are getting developed in Beijing, Bangkok, and more.