Tissues!!!
A microorganism is an organism so small that people cannot see them with the naked eye.
Microorganisms can be harmful and useful organisms.
Tissue Repair Process
Permanent Repair
- scab separates as the epithelium beneath it thickens
- resulting epithelium is entirely repaired, with a patch of tissue scarring underneath.
Organization Restore Blood Supply
- granulation tissue takes the place of the clot.
- growth regulators and gap-bridging collagen fibers produced by proliferating fibroblasts.
- dead cells and debris are phagocytized
- epithelial cells expand and move over granulation tissue.
Inflammation
- inflammatory chemicals released
- Clotting closes off wounded region and stops transmission of bacteria and harmful substances.
- clot forms a scab eventually
Connective
(located all throughout the body. Mesenchyme is the embryonic source which connective tissues develop and it consists of the extracellular matrix)
Harmful microorganisms include fungi, bacteria, protozoa, etc.
They cause several diseases in human beings, animals, and plants, which can even lead to death.
The harmful microorganisms not only can damage the human body, but also the food we eat.
Blood
- carries nutrients, wastes, respiration gasses, and other materials.
Bone
- remarkable capacity for protection of body structures.
- The skeleton's bones are used to produce new blood cells and store fat.
Cartilage
Give examples of how the spread of harmful organisms can be prevented.
- Hyaline: offers stable foundation with flexibility.
- Elastic: possesses lots of elastic fibers allowing flexibility while maintaining the structure's shape.
- Fibrocartilage: Has tensile strength so it can withstand compressive shocks.
Connective Tissue Proper
Dense Connective Tissue:
- Dense Regular: made up of packed collagen fibers running parallel to the pull, flexible structures that withstand strain
- Dense Irregular: Thicker collagen fibers that withstand tension travelling in any direction and organized erratically
- Elastic: keeps blood flowing through arteries, permits tissue to retract after stretching, and ligaments are very elastic.
Loose Connective Tissue:
- Areolar: Most commonly used connecting bodily parts
- Adipose: high vascularization, nutrition storage, resistance to heat loss
- Reticular: White blood cells is one cell type supported by the stroma made up of fibers.
Give examples of how harmful organisms can spread.
- storing fuel reserves, joining and support, protection, insulation, moving materials throughout the body.
What diseases can they cause?
- Ground Substance: has fibers & occupies gaps between cells
- Fibers: proteins that give stability
- Cells: immature and mature cell types (ex. fibroblast-fibrocyte)
- Blood: does not constitute the fluid matrix (hematopoietic stem cell)
Epithelial
(layer of cells that covers surface of body and lines body cavities)
Research about the main characteristics of the microorganisms and give examples!
Glandular Epithelia Cells
Structure of Multicellular exocrine Glands:
- simple (unbranched) or compound (branched)
- tubular (form tubes) or alveolar (form sacs) or tuboalveolar (from tubes and sacs)
Location:
- Endocrine Glands: pituitary, thyroid, adrenal glands, etc.
- Exocrine Glands: sweat, salivary, mucous glands, etc.
Functions:
- Exocrine glands: secretion, lubrication, digestion
(secretion to ducts; externally)
- Endocrine glands: hormone secretion
(secreted into bloodstream; internally)
- Unicellular (one-cell)
- Multicellular (many cells)
Covering and Lining Epithelia Cells
Functions: protection, absorption, filtration, excretion, secretion, and sensory reception
Location: epidermis, lines organs
- Simple Epithelia (single cell layer)
- Stratified Epithelia (two or more layers)
- constitutes the skin's outer layer
- lines the body's open and closed cavities
- covers both internal and exterior surfaces
Nervous
(principal part of the nervous system)
Microorganisms help in the production of many food items, making medicines, keeping the environment clean, in manufacturing, and in research.
Function
Give examples of bacteria used in the pharmaceutical industry.
- coordinating, communication, and managing activities
Location
- brain, spinal cord, nerves (nervous system)
Supporting Cells
Microorganisms have a role in waste disposal, agriculture, and nutrient recycling.
Give examples of these types.
- also referred to as glial cells
- preserve, cushion, and reinforce fragile neurons.
Neurons
Give examples of Microorganisms in food production.
- react to external inputs through dendrites (receives information) and sends to cell body (interprets data)
- send electrical impulses inside the body through structures called axons.
Muscle
(vascularized, enabling most forms of mobility in the body)
There are five types of microorganisms. Out of these five, four can be free-living or parasitic.
There is one that can be only parasitic since it always reproduces inside other living things.
After enumerating them, click on the flags below to mark the ones which can be free-living and the ones that cannot.
can be free-living
only parasitic
Smooth
- mostly present in hollow organ walls
- alternating between contracting and relaxing to propel things through the organs
- involuntary muscle
Cardiac
- exclusively present within the heart's walls
- contractions assist in distributing blood to every area of the body via the blood vessels
- involuntary muscle
Skeletal
- constitute the body's flesh
- creates voluntary muscular contractions resulting in bodily motions
Functions
- contraction and relaxation, blood circulation, and mobility
Structure
- composed of numerous muscle fibers
- have myofilaments which are complex networks of actin and myosin filaments
Membranes
(membranes that line and cover the body)
Name the study of microorganisms.
Serous
- Serous fluid divides the visceral and parietal layers of closed ventral body cavities.
- wet membrane
Mucous
- line bodily cavities accessible to the external environment (hollow organs of the digestive, respiratory, and urogenital systems)
- moist membranes
- often designed to secrete and absorb
Cutaneous
- surrounds the body's exterior (skin)
- is dry and is in contact with the atmosphere
