Philosophy of science and research

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Generalities: Epistemological Foundations of Quantitative Research

por ESTEFANIA ALEJANDRA CALISPA ALBÀN

Epistemological Foundations

por ANDREA FERNANDA CRIOLLO CANTOS

The epistemological foundations of quantitative research

por WENDY DAYANA CONDOR SARAGOSIN

METAETHICS

por Jess Nguyen

Philosophy of science and research

Type in the name of the company you are going to have an interview with.

Etic

realism, truth can be measured, objective , “stay back”

Deductive

theory → hypothesis → pattern analysis → truth starting with a theory

Objectivism

social phenomena and their meanings have an existence that is independent of social actors, social world is as concrete and real as the natural world

Positivism

generalizable, objective, one truth that does not change, social facts apart from the beliefs of an individual, social facts in a scientific and systematic way, structural forces, macroperspective, researchers are independent

Epistemology

theory of knowledge, social world is studied according to the same principles and procedures as the natural sciences, nature of knowledge, what is considered as acceptable knowledge ?

- Generalization - Validity - Data - Truth ?

Methodology

• perceptual orientations shared by members of a research community
• determine how and which research methods should be employed

Emic

subjective approach , interaction is needed, truth is created, “dig deep, get inside”

Subjectivism

social phenomena is created from the perception that social life is the product of social interactions

Inductive

What experience have you got from your previous jobs? Make sure you specify all your previous work experience, part-time jobs, vacation jobs, voluntary work, and unpaid work experience that are relevant for the position you are applying for.

pattern analysis → hypothesis → theory development of a theory as a result of the observations of empirical data goal of understanding a particular phenomena within a social context

Interpretivism

Describe a typical work day in your previous/current position.

“ feeling” researches , how do humans make sense of the world around them? , multiple realities shaped by context, understanding interpretations, experience of individuals/groups ,empathy with their subjects

Ontology

Why will/did you leave your existing/last job?

beliefs about reality, our perception of truth, the nature of reality, what entities operate within the reality and how they interrelate to each other

Research Methods

Research the company

You should find and learn as much as you can about the company where you are having an interview.

The interviewer will want to see what you know about them and why you chose the company.

Doing your homework will show that you are really interested.

• Technique and methods of data collection
• Research Questions
• Selection of research strategy

Quantitative Research

What do you know about the company?


Type a short description of the company's background.

collecting and analyzing numerical data

systematic empirical investigation

Qualitative Research

Why do you want to work for this company?


Think of what you can do for them, not of what they can do for you.

"context means everything"

emphasizes words rather than quantification in the collection of analyzing data

non numerical data