ID

Tips

Toxic shock syn

r

any surgical foreign body must be reomved.

blood c/s +

Strep.

Blood c/s -

Staph au.

Toxic shock syn. like

Measles

Rocky mountia fever

lepto

Bactremia

r

• always tx with IV antibiotics - except occult bactremia with Strep. Pneumonia

Anibiotic

PNC

AMP/Amox

Augmentin

Unasyn

Aminoglycoside

Genta

Tubra

Cephalosporines

2th

3th

Ceftriaxone

Cefotaz

Ceftax

Cirpo/quinolones

Erythro/Azithromycine

r

Eryhromycine can cause transit hearing loss

Bactrim

Clinda

Tetracycline

Streptomycine

r

only for tularemia or TB

Bacteria

Staph

MRSA

r

MRSA is never a contamination. Treat always.

Outpt

Bactrim

clindamycine

Bactremia

r

for endocarditis: add Rifampin,

Vacno

Staph Epidermidis

r

most common cause of cath and foreign body related bactremia

NICU or ill

vanco

not ill

repeat culture

r

likely contamination.

Strep. Pneumonia

mild or high res. to PNC

CTX

Menengitis

Vanco + CTX

Occult bactremia

no tx

Strep B

early < 7 d

Pneumonia, bactremia

r

PNC: 10 ds

late 7d- 3ms

Menegitis, Osteo

r

Mengitis: PNC 15 dsOsteo: PNC 4 w

H. Flu

r

Always treatMengitis: Dexa for 2 ds Prophylaxis: Riafa

Myconbacteria

atypical

r

causes lymphadenitis no responsive to abxtx: excesion

Marinum

r

Fish tank bacilus: skin ulcers along lymphatic tracts.

TB

r

initial pulmonary ds: in lower lobeslater activated dis: in upper lobesPericaridal effusion is neg for the organism; Menengitis: casue tuberculmoa: mimic brain tumor.skin test: nor reliable in baby under 6 ms. can take 10 w after exposure to turn Poif skin test PO do CXR and sputum to r/o active dis. if both neg: tx with INH for 9 ms

Citrobacter

r

cause menegitis. need CT head to r/o abcess

Tularemia

r

only in Arkansas: skin ulcer and lymphadenitis: can mimic cat scrath disease

Ecoli

O57:H7

r

NO antibiotics!! it increases the risk for HUS

Shigella

r

Always treatcan cause SZProlapse rectum

Moraxella

r

Causes OM Amoxicllin does not work; lactamase producer.

Neisseria

N. Menegitis

r

Prophylaxis for immates or oral secretion exposure (intubation)Rifa, Cirpo or One shot Ceftriaxone

N. Gonorrhea

Newborn

r

eye infection: less than 2 ds: chemical reaction2-7 ds: N. Gonorrhea< 7 ds Chlamydia - erythromycine eye ointoment does not prevent.

Bacilius cerues

GI tox

early vomit

late: diarrhea

Bactremia

r

IV cath; Penetrating wounds

Vanco

Diphteroid

Listeria

Amp

Diphteria

r

comp: cardiomoypathy

Erythro

anti tox

Enterococcus

ampt/gen OR vanco

VRE

linezolid

Ehrlicihia

r

Tick borneFlu like disease with neutropenia; no rash or lymphadenities.

Ricketsia

r

• Rocky mountian fever: distal ext rash, petechia from tick bite. • Dx: serology • Tx: Doxy or chloramphenicol

Chlamydia

Pneumonia

Psittaci

r

Pneumonia + splenomegaly

Pneumoniae

r

wheezing

tx

r

Erythromycine OR Tetracycline

Trachomatis

r

newborn Pneumonia up to 4 ms.not preventable

Bartonella

r

Cat scratch disease; lymphadenitisimproves spontaneusly but Eryrthro can speed it up,

Klebiella

r

Pencillinsresistant

Yersinea

pestis

bubbionic

r

supporative lymphadinitis.

Pulmonary

r

hemorrhagic pneumonia, very contagious , unlike anthrax pneumoniaTetracycline, chlormaphinicol

Enterocolitis

r

Pseudo appendisits.Bactremia in SSD

Leptospirosis

dx

r

contact with infected animal; swimming with a dogDx: early: blood c/s; late: urine c/s

tx

r

PCN or Doxycyline

Fungus

Actinomyces

r

Sulfur granules discharges

clinical

r

cervicofacial swelling from dental sourcecauses PID if IUD presents

tx

r

PNC or Tetracycline

Candida

Dx

r

inimmunocomprimised pt with central line or foleyin dissiminated froms can have petechial like skin lesions

tx

r

remove the line or the cathneed amphotericine for septicemia

Malassezia fufur

dx

adults

r

Tinea versiculur

newborns

r

invasive in premie with TPN Tx: amphotericine ; D/c TPN

Tine pedia

tx

r

the OTC tx with tolnaftate may not cure if there is candida coinfection; then it needs clontrimazole or Miconazole

Parasite

Cryptosporidium

dx

r

acid fast stain of stool

Malaraia

r

4 typesFalciparum is the most fatal

P. Vivax, Ovale, Malariae

chloroquine

r

P. Vivax, Ovale, Malariae

Primaquine

r

Vivax and Ovale to prevent relapses as those two can hide in liver

Falciparum

r

Most malignant; causes cerebral malria

chloroquine

r

most are resistant.

Quinie + Doxycyline

Mefloquine

Babesia

dx

r

causes febrile hemolytic anemia like malariaoccur from tick biteintra RBC maltese cross.

tx

r

clindamycine + quinineexchange transfusion

Amebia

dx

r

liver abcess.liver aspirate is neg.dx: serology

Trypanosomiasis

african

r

sleeping dsfrom tsetse fly

america

r

self limitedcan cause Cardiac, GI and CNS dx

worms

r

cause eosinophilia

viruse

VZV

r

adolecsents: need acyclovirtransit cerebellar ataxia: benign and transitcan complicate with skin bacterial infection: causes toxic shock synd.Pneumonia: in pregnant womenin pregnant women: give VZIG but not the vaccine; VZ can cause intra uternie infection and skin scarring.

zoster

r

vancyclovir: decrease neurolagia

EBV

r

>10 atypical lymphcyteAmp/amox: cause rash if given with EBV

Mesles

r

worse in vit A deficiency

Robella

r

increased risk for IDDM

adeno virus

r

URI symptoms in summerURI + GI cystitis

Entero virus

r

Echo, Coxsaki, polio